Middle Ages

Later medieval centuries in Europe marked by dynastic conflict, religious change and the emergence of early modern institutions.

Phase of medieval European demographic, institutional and commercial expansion, including crusading movements and growing monarchies.

Series of intermittent conflicts between the English and French crowns from 1337 to 1453, driven by dynastic claims and territorial disputes, and reshaping warfare and royal authority in western Europe.

A series of religiously framed military expeditions, principally involving Latin Christian powers and the eastern Mediterranean, extending from the late eleventh through the late thirteenth century.

A major crusade launched after Saladin’s reconquest of Jerusalem, involving European rulers and campaigns in the Levant from 1189 to 1192.

The broader Scandinavian and North Atlantic historical context of Viking expansion and raiding, conventionally dated c. 793–1066 CE.

Crusader kingdom in the Levant established in 1099 and continuing in changing territorial form until the fall of Acre in 1291.

On October 25, 1415, the English army under Henry V defeated the French near Agincourt during the Hundred Years’ War.

Henry V became king of England upon the death of Henry IV on 20 March 1413. His coronation on 9 April was a later, separate ceremony and is not included in this event.

An English victory over the Scottish army led by William Wallace, after which Wallace lost his position as Guardian of Scotland.

Saladin’s decisive victory over the army of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, which destroyed the kingdom’s main field force and opened the way for the reconquest of Jerusalem.

Alexander Nevsky's forces fought the Teutonic-led army on Lake Peipus; film staging is highly dramatized.

The second plague pandemic’s catastrophic first wave in Europe, which reached Scandinavia around 1350 and caused extensive mortality and social and religious upheaval.

Joan of Arc was executed in Rouen after her trial in 1431.

Saladin’s siege of Jerusalem, ending with the city’s surrender on October 2, 1187, after the defeat of the crusader army at Hattin.

Royal troops besieged Rochester Castle during the First Barons' War.

The raising of the siege at Orléans became a turning point of the Hundred Years' War.

King of England from 1413 to 1422, known for his campaign in France and victory at Agincourt.

The Ayyubid sultan who defeated the crusader army at Hattin and retook Jerusalem in 1187.

King of France from 1380 to 1422, whose illness and troubled reign shaped the French political crisis during Henry V’s invasion.

A prominent nobleman of the Kingdom of Jerusalem who commanded the defense of Jerusalem during Saladin’s siege in 1187.

The kingdom attempting to exercise control over Scotland during the conflict.

The Latin Christian polity in the Levant where the film’s court politics, frontier warfare, and defense of Jerusalem unfold.

The kingdom whose political independence from England is the central issue of the narrative.

The principal setting of the film, represented as a medieval Christian kingdom confronted by the Black Death.

The northern French locality near which Henry V won his major victory on October 25, 1415.

The battlefield near the Sea of Galilee where Saladin defeated the main army of the Kingdom of Jerusalem in 1187.

The principal setting of the film's later story, representing Iceland during the Norse settlement period.

The major political and religious center of Judea and the setting for much of the film’s story.