Ancient Egypt

Period of imperial expansion, powerful pharaohs and extensive political and diplomatic networks in ancient Egypt.

Hellenistic dynasty ruling Egypt after Alexander, ending with the defeat of Cleopatra VII and annexation by Rome.

Early dynastic phase of pharaonic Egypt marked by centralized kingship and construction of the great pyramids.

Last active ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt and a major participant in the final Roman republican conflicts.

Roman general and politician who became a leading Caesarian power-holder after 44 BCE.

Roman general and dictator whose rise accelerated the collapse of the republican political order.

Eighteenth-Dynasty pharaoh who promoted the worship of the Aten and radically challenged Egypt's traditional religious establishment.

Egyptian military commander and final pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty, associated with the restoration of traditional institutions after the Amarna period.

The Roman province containing Alexandria and the wider administrative and cultural setting of the story.

Capital of the Roman Empire.

The cosmopolitan Egyptian city where Hypatia taught and where the film’s religious and political conflicts unfold.

Major ancient Egyptian city and religious center, especially important to the cult of Amun and the pre-Amarna royal court.