John III Sobieski

A war between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Ottoman Empire, involving Crimean Tatar forces and fought chiefly over Podolia and neighboring Ukrainian territories.

Federative polity joining the Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania from the Union of Lublin in 1569 until the third partition of 1795, with a shared monarch and parliamentary institutions.

On 11 November 1673, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth forces under John Sobieski defeated an Ottoman army at Khotyn, strengthening the Commonwealth’s position in the ongoing war.

Strategic fortress in Podolia, besieged and captured by Ottoman forces in 1672.

Fortress on the Dniester and site of the Commonwealth victory over the Ottoman army on 11 November 1673.

Southeastern region of the Commonwealth and the principal theater of the 1672 Ottoman campaign.

Political center of the Commonwealth during the succession and mobilization period preceding the Ottoman invasion.