Italy

The Roman Empire in the late second century CE, during the reign of Marcus Aurelius and the early reign of Commodus.

The period from 1309 to 1377 when successive popes resided at Avignon rather than Rome, intensifying disputes over papal authority and Church governance.

A period in which the Medici exercised decisive influence over the Florentine Republic without initially ruling as hereditary monarchs.

The Italian Renaissance, particularly its Florentine phase, formed the cultural and political setting of Medici power.

The final phase of the Roman Republic, marked by elite competition, political violence, civil wars, and the concentration of power in the hands of military leaders.

Global war from 1939 to 1945.

A series of conflicts involving France, Spain, the Papal States, and Italian states that shaped the later Medici restoration and political environment.

Mount Vesuvius erupted in 79 CE, burying Pompeii and nearby settlements under volcanic material and causing widespread destruction in the Bay of Naples region.

Julius Caesar was assassinated by a group of Roman senators in the Theatre of Pompey on 15 March 44 BCE.

Civil war between the forces of Julius Caesar and Pompey from 49 to 45 BCE, followed by Caesar’s dictatorship.

Allied landings in Normandy on 6 June 1944.

A major fire devastated much of Rome in July 64 CE. Tacitus reports that Nero blamed Christians and subjected many to brutal punishments, making the event central to the historical memory of the Neronian persecution.

A conspiracy involving the Pazzi family and Medici opponents culminated in an attack on Lorenzo and Giuliano de’ Medici in Florence on April 26, 1478.

The civil war following Caesar’s assassination, culminating in the defeat of Brutus and Cassius at Philippi in 42 BCE.

premier empereur romain de 27 av. J.–C. à 14

triumvir, homme d'État romain

Roman general and dictator whose rise accelerated the collapse of the republican political order.

Roman emperor from 54 to 68 CE whose reign forms the political setting for the story and whose government persecuted Christians in Rome after the Great Fire.

Roman prefect of Judea who presided over the authority responsible for Jesus’s crucifixion.

Last active ruler of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt and a major participant in the final Roman republican conflicts.

Jewish preacher whose ministry and crucifixion form the narrative center of the film.

troisième empereur romain, de 37 à 41

Capital of the Roman Empire.

The major political and religious center of Judea and the setting for much of the film’s story.

Pompeii was a Roman city in Campania near the Bay of Naples, destroyed and buried during the 79 CE eruption of Mount Vesuvius.

ville portuaire sur la côte méditerranéenne de l'Égypte

The volcano whose 79 CE eruption devastated Pompeii, Herculaneum, and surrounding villas.

pays du nord-ouest de l'Europe, faisant partie du Royaume-Uni

ville de Toscane, en Italie

A leading Italian city-state involved in the balance of power and alliances affecting Florence.

ville ancienne de Campanie

État situé au nord-est de l'Afrique et au sud-ouest de l'Asie

pays transcontinental au territoire métropolitain situé en Europe de l'Ouest