Giovanni di Bicci de’ Medici

A period in which the Medici exercised decisive influence over the Florentine Republic without initially ruling as hereditary monarchs.

The Italian Renaissance, particularly its Florentine phase, formed the cultural and political setting of Medici power.

A series of conflicts involving France, Spain, the Papal States, and Italian states that shaped the later Medici restoration and political environment.

A conspiracy involving the Pazzi family and Medici opponents culminated in an attack on Lorenzo and Giuliano de’ Medici in Florence on April 26, 1478.

Władca Florencji z dynastii Medyceuszy

Florentine ruler, diplomat, and patron of Renaissance culture, known as Lorenzo the Magnificent.

Młodszy brat Wawrzyńca Wspaniałego

Pope whose political and territorial conflicts with the Medici contributed to the crisis surrounding the Pazzi conspiracy.

The central city of the series and the seat of Medici influence during the Renaissance.

stolica Włoch

A leading Italian city-state involved in the balance of power and alliances affecting Florence.

A major Italian city-state connected with Cosimo de’ Medici’s period of exile and with inter-state diplomacy.